The portable prototype that detects if you're burning fat by analyzing your breath (Photo: NTT DOCOMO)
rtage of breathalyzers
capable of detecting if you’ve had one too many drinks, a prototype
device developed by researchers at NTT DOCOMO Research Laboratories
analyzes your breath to detect if your body is burning fat. Besides
letting users know if that exercise regime is actually shedding some
pounds, its creators say the portable sensor could be helpful for
diabetics and those trying to lose weight manage their daily diet.
Rather than detecting exhaled fat particles, the device detects the
levels of acetone on one’s breath. Although primarily produced in the
blood when fat is broken down, acetone is also expelled through alveoli
in the lungs and is therefore present in exhaled breath, making it a
good indicator of when the body has begun to break down fat.
The device, which is 10 cm (4 in) long, weighs 125 g (4.4 oz) and is
powered by two AA batteries, features a pressure sensor to detect when
someone breathes into it, and two types of semiconductor-based gas
sensors that are capable of detecting acetone concentrations of 0.2 to
50 parts-per-million. After detecting the exhaled breath, the device
calculates the acetone concentration levels and transmits the results,
either via cable or Bluetooth, to a smartphone within 10 seconds.
To test the device, the researchers enlisted 11 men and six women
volunteers. All were healthy but had body mass indexes (BMIs) above the
Japanese average. The volunteers were split into three groups with the
first carrying on their normal routine without any calorie restrictions
or exercise requirements.
The second group was required to perform 30 to 60 minutes of light
exercise, such as jogging or fast walking, per day without any calorie
restriction, while the third group had their daily calorie intake
restricted while carrying out the same exercise routine as the second
group.
Each day before breakfast for a period of 14 days, all volunteers
measured their body weight, body fat percentage and breath acetone
concentrations. In addition to using the prototype device to measure the
acetone concentrations, a standard measuring instrument was used for
comparison.
The results showed that the breath acetone concentrations remained
constant for those in the first two groups who were not able to lose
significant amounts of fat, while the volunteers in the third group
showed a significant increase in their breath acetone concentrations and
were able to lose “significant amounts of fat.”
“Because obesity increases the risk of lifestyle-related illnesses,
enabling users to monitor the state of fat burning could play a pivotal
role in daily diet management,” says Satoshi Hiyama, principal
investigator of the study. “Current standard methods, however, are still
not practically suitable for point-of-care instrumentation for
diet-conscious people who wish to monitor their own fat metabolism at
home or outside.”